Biological and molecular characteristics of CD66c and its importance in the prognosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Abstract

This study aims to gather information on the characteristics and functions of the CD66c molecule
through a literature review, as well as its prognostic role when expressed in acute lymphoblastic
leukemia (ALL). ALL is a disease originating from the malignant proliferation of hematopoietic cells. It is the most common cancer in the pediatric population, with a survival rate exceeding 70% globally in developed countries. In adult patients, the disease most frequently occurs between the ages of 20 and 40, with an unfavorable prognosis in this population. Several studies have demonstrated the presence of the glycoprotein CD66c in ALL, describing it as a potential marker related to genetic alterations such as BCR-ABL1, hyperdiploidy, and TEL-AML1 fusion
gene negativity. CD66c is a member of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family, expressed
in the granulocytic lineage, and is involved in functions such as cell adhesion, regulation of gene expression, migration, and signal transduction.