Analysis of the five proposed versions of the pilco bird species in the coat of arms of Huánuco
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37711/desafios.2026.17.1.1Keywords:
quetzal, heraldry, Huánuco, conservation, cultural identity, ornithologyAbstract
The objective of this study was to analyze and demystify the identity of the pilco bird, a heraldic element depicted in the coat of arms of Huánuco, through a qualitative approach and a descriptive cross-sectional design. A data triangulation methodology was employed, combining documentary and historical analysis of chronicles and heraldic shields with field corroboration based on documented sightings and records from citizen science platforms (eBird and Merlin). The study evaluated five species proposed as the pilco bird: the razor-billed curassow (Mitu tuberosum), the southern giant hummingbird (Patagona gigas), the Andean flicker (Colaptes rupicola), the crimson-crested woodpecker (Campephilus melanoleucos), and the South American quetzal (Pharomachrus auriceps and Pharomachrus antisianus). The results revealed morphological inconsistencies in the first four species, which did not correspond to historical descriptions or to the most accurate heraldic representations, such as the version depicted in the coat of arms of the Faculty of Agronomy of the Universidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizán. It is concluded that the pilco bird corresponds to the crested quetzal (Pharomachrus antisianus), as its forward-directed feather crest over the yellow bill precisely matches the heraldic iconography, and its current presence in the upper Amazon rainforest of Huánuco is scientifically documented. This study contributes to the social sciences by reaffirming the significance of an endangered cultural symbol, strengthening regional identity, and providing an empirical basis for the formulation of conservation policies and the protection of the natural habitat of the quetzal, a sacred bird in pre-Hispanic cultures.
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Copyright (c) 2026 José Manuel Alomía Lucero , Liana Sixto Dávila
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